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Support and resistance are two basic ideas of technical analysis. A good understanding of these terms and their uses is important in correctly reading price charts. Prices fluctuate because of supply and demand, giving rise to trends.
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Insufficient supply to meet demand – increase in price
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More supply than demand - decrease in price
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Equal supply and demand – stable prices fluctuating sideways.
To understand well about support and resistance, let us first get a basic knowledge of trends.
Price trends
A trend is the direction of a market or an asset's price. In technical analysis, trends are identified by trendlines or price action. Generally, there are three types of trends.
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Uptrend
During price fluctuations, the higher lows and higher highs are known as uptrends, which are marked by rising data points.
© 2023 Krish Capital Pty. Ltd., Image source: Refinitiv
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Downtrend
Downtrends are marked by lower lows and lower highs, giving rise to falling data points.
© 2023 Krish Capital Pty. Ltd., Image source: Refinitiv
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Sideways trend
© 2023 Krish Capital Pty. Ltd., Image source: Refinitiv
Sideways trend arises when the preceding lows and highs are at or around the same price, as the previous lows and highs and on the chart the stock price is moving sideways.
What Is Support?
Prices decline during a downturn when there is an excess supply compared to demand. For those holding out to purchase shares, prices get more appealing the lower they go. Demand that has been gradually rising will eventually reach a point where supply and demand are equal. Prices will then stop decreasing. This zone is called support.
Support is a region on a price chart that displays the readiness of buyers to purchase. Demand will typically outpace supply at this point, halting the price decrease and starting it back up again.
In a nutshell, support is a level or zone at which buyers’ interest is more than sellers, giving rise to price either trading sideways or trending up.
What is resistance?
© 2023 Krish Capital Pty. Ltd., Image source: Refinitiv
Resistance is the reverse of support. Prices surge due to more demand than supply. As prices surge higher, there will come a point when the selling overpowers the desire to buy. This can take place due to many reasons.
Traders might think that prices are too high or have met their target.
Buyers might be hesitant to buy at such high prices or for several other reasons.
Like support, resistance is also a level or zone at which supply is strong enough to stop the stock from moving higher.
Importance of support and resistance
Support and resistance levels are one of the important concepts used by technical analysts. It forms one of the basics for drawing chart patterns.
Finding out future support levels can prove beneficial for improving the returns of a short-term investing strategy. On the other hand, forecasting a level of resistance can be helpful because it will warn traders of a probable turnaround in price.
Simply put, support levels are prices that traders feel the price is unlikely to go below. Similarly, when prices reach resistance levels, traders know that the price is unlikely to go up. However, readers must understand that these support and resistance levels are not sacrosanct.
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